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Persisted GraphQL Queries Explained: How They Improve Performance and Security

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  Published by Shivam Kumar Dubey Introduction GraphQL has become one of the most popular technologies for building modern APIs because it gives clients the flexibility to request exactly the data they need. Unlike traditional REST APIs, where the server defines the response structure, GraphQL allows clients to construct their own queries, making applications more efficient and reducing unnecessary data transfer. However, this flexibility comes with its own set of challenges. Since clients can send virtually any valid query, GraphQL APIs are more susceptible to issues such as: Large request payloads Expensive and deeply nested queries Increased server processing time Security vulnerabilities Difficulties with caching and CDN optimization As applications scale and traffic grows, these challenges can significantly impact both performance and reliability. To address these problems, many production-grade GraphQL implementations—including those built with Apollo and other enterprise Gra...

Selenium Automation with Python Part 3: Elements, Locators, Interactions, and Assertions Explained in Depth

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  Introduction: Why Selenium Still Matters Automation testing is no longer a “good to have” skill — it has officially become a must-have in modern software development and QA. Applications today are growing faster than our coffee breaks ☕, features are added every sprint, and release cycles are getting shorter and shorter. Let’s be honest — manual testing alone just can’t keep up anymore . Imagine clicking the same button, filling the same form, and checking the same validation again and again for every release. Sounds exhausting, right? That’s exactly where Selenium automation steps in and saves both time and sanity . Quick Recap (So We’re All on the Same Page) In my previous blogs, we already covered: What is Automation Testing and why it actually matters in the real world Getting started with Python for Selenium automation (yes, Python — simple and powerful) Core Selenium components like: WebDriver Selenium IDE Selenium Grid And a basic introduc...